Immunological Memory in the Mouth: Decoding the Role of T Cells in Periodontal Disease

Zoom-in of inflamed gum tissue showing immune cell infiltration. We analyze these cells, especially memory T cells, using scRNA-seq and other immunological techniques to study periodontal disease recurrence.

Uncover how memory T cells contribute to the recurrence of periodontal disease using cutting-edge immunology and single-cell technologies. 

Project description

This project explores how memory T cells contribute to the recurrence of periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth. Using preclinical models of periodontitis and cutting-edge techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, and spatial immunophenotyping, we aim to identify specific subsets of memory T cells that persist after disease resolution and drive subsequent inflammatory flares. The project will involve hands-on training in experimental immunology, data analysis, and potential human sample validation.

Periodontal disease affects nearly half of adults over 30 and is a leading cause of tooth loss worldwide. While treatment can resolve active inflammation, recurrence is common, suggesting that long-lived immune cells may be primed to reignite disease. Understanding the role of memory T cells in this process could lead to novel strategies for sustained remission or even prevention of disease relapse. This project sits at the intersection of mucosal immunology, chronic inflammation, and translational oral health research, ideal for students interested in immunopathology and precision medicine. 

Project outcome

By the end of this project, students will have identified and characterized specific memory T cell subsets involved in the recurrence of periodontal disease. They will gain hands-on experience in techniques such as tissue processing, multicolor flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Students will contribute to hypothesis-driven experiments, data interpretation, and may be co-authors on a publication or conference abstract. This project will provide a strong foundation in immunology and translational research, preparing students for advanced training or careers in biomedical science, Medicine and Dentistry.

Project details

Timing, eligibility and other details
Length of commitment longer than a semester; 6-9 months
Start time Anytime
In-person, remote, or hybrid? In-Person Project 
Level of collaboration Small group project (2-3 students)
Benefits Potential authorship, conference presentations, letters of recommendation, or future paid opportunities. 
Who is eligible All undergraduate students who strong interest in immunology, inflammation, or oral health research. Prior coursework in biology, immunology, or a related life science field (e.g., Cell Biology, Microbiology, Immunology). Basic laboratory skills (e.g., pipetting, sterile technique) preferred but not required. Willingness to learn flow cytometry, tissue processing, and basic bioinformatic analyses (e.g., analyzing single-cell RNA-seq or flow cytometry data). Attention to detail, curiosity, and ability to work independently and as part of a team. Students with prior research experience, even at the introductory level, are encouraged to apply, but enthusiasm and commitment to learning are most important. 

Core partners

  • Optical Imaging and Analysis Facility (UB SDM)
  • Flow and Immune Analysis Shared Resource (Roswell Park) 

Project mentor

Carla Alvarez Rivas

Assistant Professor

Oral Biology

Phone: (857)701-7310

Email: carlaalv@buffalo.edu

Start the project

  1. Email the project mentor using the contact information above to express your interest and get approval to work on the project. (Here are helpful tips on how to contact a project mentor.)
  2. After you receive approval from the mentor to start this project, click the button to start the digital badge. (Learn more about ELN's digital badge options.) 
Start the Digital Badge

Preparation activities

Once you begin the digital badge series, you will have access to all the necessary activities and instructions. Your mentor has indicated they would like you to also complete the specific preparation activities below. Please reference this when you get to Step 2 of the Preparation Phase. 

1. Conduct a guided literature review on immune memory and periodontal disease.

2. Attend introductory sessions on flow cytometry, scRNA-seq, and immune profiling.

3. Complete lab safety training and learn basic experimental procedures (e.g., tissue processing, staining).

4. Participate in weekly lab meetings to observe data interpretation and research discussions.

5. Receive one-on-one mentoring to develop a tailored learning plan and research goals. 

Keywords

Immunology, T cells, Memory cells, Periodontal disease, Inflammation, Mucosal immunology, Chronic disease, Single-cell RNA-seq Flow cytometry, Bioinformatics, Translational research, Oral biology, Biomedical research