Water variability poses challenges to smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers must constantly adapt their decisions and practices in response to water uncertainty and variability. This study probes the question, “How do peri-urban farmers adapt their farming decisions to variability and uncertainties in water availability, and how are these decisions embedded within the broader logics of appropriateness and consequentiality? We address this question by focusing on farmers within the Ashaiman delta, Ghana. In this empirical case, we develop indices to quantify the adaptive nature of decisions made by farmers to manage water variability and uncertainty.